How to Control Lice in Cattle
OVERVIEW
Cattle lice may be the most underestimated livestock infestation problem in terms
of economic loss. The USDA estimates that American livestock producers lose
millions of dollars a year to cattle lice. Cattle lice are a problem globally, not just
in the United States. Heavy lice infestations cause lowered milk production, loss
of flesh, stunted growth, general malaise and anemia. Chronic cows may abort
due to louse-induced anemia. During severe winters, louse-infested animals are
more susceptible to respiratory diseases.
SKILL
MODERATELY EASY
THINGS YOU WILL NEED
Magnifying glass
De-wormer applied to the skin
Gloves
Spray on insecticide
Container for mixing and spraying
Dust bag insecticides
Ear tags
Chart
STEP 1
Look at your cattle for large symptoms such as rubbing and clumps of hair
falling out. There can be raw spots from constant attempts to groom or scratch
areas where lice are abundant. Crushed lice and their feces, blood, and serum
from wounds can give cattle heavily infested a greasy appearance. Feeding
by biting lice can produce a skin reaction in which the hair becomes loose.
STEP 2
Examine all your cattle one at a time for lice by looking through the hair of the
head and on the neck, shoulders, back, and rump. Examination of five 1 inch
square areas on the face, dewlap, neck, back and base of the tail of each animal
is the best protocol. Look first for nits. These are the eggs of the lice. After doing
the nit check, part the hair carefully to look for lice.
STEP 3
Buy a skin applied de-wormer from your cattle health care provider. Following the
veterinarian’s instructions and using gloves apply the de-wormer to all your cattle
even those not affected by lice. This will be part of an overall health plan to help
protect the cattle from future outbreaks.
STEP 4
Buy spray on insecticide under advisement of your veterinarian. Mix the powder
according to the directions given to you by the veterinarian or on the package.
Pour into the container of the sprayer. Dose the cattle according to the directions
for weight and age.
STEP 5
Re-check the cattle that were infected 2 weeks after the application the same
way you checked them in STEP 2. If there are any signs of lice, re-apply the
spray on insecticide on the areas infected.
STEP 6
Treat any new cattle coming into the herd as though they were infected. Hang
dust bags from fences between your herd and others to prevent other cattle from
infecting your cattle.
STEP 7
Buy and insert ear tags that kill ticks, fleas and lice for about 1 to 3 months.
Refill dust bags and change ear tags regularly to help prevent infestations.
TIPS:
Make a chart for when you change the ear tags on your cattle and when you re-
fill the dust bags.
WARNING:
Check with the national and state authorities about reporting cattle lice and for
what chemicals are prohibited where you are located.
SOURCE
IPM NCSU EDU: Cattle Lice
http://ipm.ncsu.edu/ag369/notes/cattle_lice.html
University of Kentucky: Lice on Dairy and Beef Cattle
http://www.ca.uky.edu/entomology/entfacts/ef512.asp

sdfkjsdhfkjshdfk

There are several types of scrap metal, and when you’re able to identify them, you can then recycle them for money or simply to preserve environment resources. When we think about metal recycling we usually refer to steel and aluminum. The value of other metals such as copper and brass are more recognized and therefore these metals are not usually discarded as waste.


Use a magnet to identify scrap metal types.

Step 1

Use a magnet to help you figure out what kind of metal you have. The types of metal that stick to a magnet are: cast iron, tin, and all types of steel. Metal recycling facilities and scrap yards use large magnets attached to cranes to sort the steel. Aluminum, silver, brass, and copper will not be picked up by a magnet.

Step 2

Identify different types of steel. Stainless steel is brighter than other types of steel, usually silver and shiny. Doorknobs, shelves, many sinks, and cabinets and counters are made of stainless steel. Galvanized steel has a different, dull, lighter color, and does not rust. Guardrails are made of galvanized steel.

Step 3

Classify cast iron by its blackish color, and as another metal that sticks to a magnet. Cast iron was used for many years to make cooking pots and pans. It is lighter than steel but still very heavy.

Step 4

Identify copper by its shiny, bright, reddish color. Copper is used for modern electric wiring in homes. When copper is exposed to the elements, it turns green.

Step 5

Look for aluminum, which is silver, shiny and soft. Many soft drink cans are made of aluminum, as is the packaging of many other food and health care products.

Step 6

Verify tin by the fact that it sticks to a magnet, whereas aluminum will not. Tin is light, flexible, thin, silver and slightly shiny. Tin looks similar to aluminum, but the finish on tin is slightly duller.

Skill
Moderately Easy
Things You'll Need
Magnet
Tips
Recycled aluminum can saves enough energy to run a television for three hours.
Warnings
Use care when collecting scrap metal at construction sites, as there may be sharp edges and points protruding from the scraps.
Keywords
how to identify scrap metal types
classify scrap metal
what kind of scrap metal is this
Reference
The Metal Casting: Scrap Metal Recycling
Waste Online: Metals - Aluminum and Steel Recycling
Location